Git Basics

May 7, 2022 3 min read Git

Content

1. What is Git and what is it for?

What is Git for, and what is a version control system anyway? A version control system is a system that records changes to a file or set of files over time and allows you to revert to a specific version later. Simply put, in case of a file change, the file and the place of the change will be marked, you can also undo the previously entered file changes, see who last changed something and caused the problem and when, and much more. If you break something or lose files, you can easily fix it.

One such system is Git. At the moment, it is the most common for a number of reasons:

Free and open source
Fast
Simple branching
Backup

Hostings are provided for git repositories, for example: GitHub, Codebase, Bitbucket, GitLab, etc.

2. Basic commands:

Command	Command description
git init	creating a new repository
git status	view status of current files
git add	adding changes and new files to the current directory
git add file.py	adding file.py
git .add	adding all changes
git commit	creating a new commit
git commit -m ’text'	creating a commit called text
git branch	shows a list of all branches
git branch -v	shows a list of branches and the latest commit in each
git branch name	creates a new branch name
git branch -D name	deletes a branch name
git checkout	switching between recent commits
git checkout file	revert file to last commit state
git config	configuration and options git
git config –global user.name	shows username
git config –global user.name ‘New name’	changes username
git config –global user.email	shows the user’s email
git config –global user.email ’name@gmail.com'	changes the user’s email
git push	uploading local commits to a remote repository
git pull	downloads changes from the remote repository to the local one
git clone	cloning a project from a remote repository

3. Dictionary

Branch

A branch or copy of the project where you can make any changes, they will not affect the main project.

Git

How files and their versions are stored.

Cloning

Copying a repository to a hard drive.

Commit

Set with changes (changed, new and added files) written to the local repository.

Push

Sending changes to the server.

Git

Ian L. Dolganov

Student of Applied Informatics

My research interests are in OS administration and various programming languages.